UNDERSTANDING PAIN AND ITS EFFECTS

The Gut-Pain Connection: How Microbiome Health Affects Pain Levels

There is a genuine, increasingly well-mapped biological relationship between the gut and the nervous system, and it plays a role in how pain is generated and experienced. This explains the...

Post-Surgical Chronic Pain: When the Healing Stops but the Pain Doesn't

Pain that outlasts the expected recovery from surgery is a recognised, well-studied medical condition with its own name: chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP). It is not a personal weakness or a...

Pain and the Immune System: Understanding the Inflammation Link

When we think about the immune system, we usually think about fighting infections. A cold, a wound, or an infection triggers an immune response designed to protect us and help...

The Neurobiology of Stress and Anxiety: Why thoughts and emotions Physically Increase Pain

Discover how stress and anxiety affect the nervous system, amplify pain signals, and contribute to chronic pain through well-understood biological processes.

Hypermobility and Pain: When Being “Flexible” Causes Chronic Aches

Many people think being flexible is a good thing. Being able to touch your toes, bend your fingers backwards, or effortlessly perform stretches that others struggle with can seem like...

Occipital Neuralgia: When Your “Migraine” Starts in Your Neck

If you’ve ever been told you have migraines - but your pain seems to start in your neck, travel up the back of your head, and feel sharp, electric, or...